Szumawa PN.pdf

Dear Reader!

For the upcoming long autumn evenings, we have prepared a special issue of the

quarterly Šumava. The whole issue is compiled as a popularization to slightly poetic

magazine. Scientific and popularization publications issued by the administration of the

Šumava National Park and Reserve throughout this year have served as the basis for

this issue.

We are trying to address the concern of public and politicians for the fate of the Šu-

mava forests in the Šumava National Park. We offer you well-founded qualified infor-

mation and if you get a chance to visit some of the places described, feel free to judge

for yourselves whether we need to fear for the future of the forests within the National

Park.

Forests constitute the prevailing type of vegetation in central Europe and communi-

ties of the forest ecosystem spontaneously colonize the majority of abandoned fields,

pastures or hay meadows. This also holds true for Šumava. At this time, the forest-

covered area is most extensive in the last 200 years. If we, together with the farmers

from Šumava, did not manage and care for the meadows, they would disappear. They

would gradually become overgrown by the forest. We therefore need not worry about

forests not emerging by self-renewal anywhere in Šumava. Substantial numbers of the

montane meadows in Šumava are however inhabited by critically endangered plant

and animal species, and it is therefore necessary to care for and protect these eco-

systems from the invasion of new forest.

We are now experiencing a period of discussions regarding the direction to be taken

in the nature protection of the Šumava National Park. A consensus strategy propor-

tionally balancing nature protection and regional development needs to be found. It is

necessary to define a reasonable ratio of forested area without direct human influence

and forests which need to be returned to the state of montane mixed forest. At the

same time, we need to specify the means for protecting montane meadows. All this

finally needs to be thoughtfully harmonized with high-quality lives of the local people

and professional care of the guests visiting the national park.

PUBLISHER: Administration

of the Šumava National Park and Reserve

ADDRESS OF PUBLISHER:

Správa NP a CHKO Šumava

1. máje 260, 38501 Vimperk

Phone: 00420 388 450 260,

Fax: 00420 388 450 019

E-mail: sumava@npsumava.cz

EDITORIAL BOARD:

František Krejčí (head of the editorial board)

Jiří Kadoch (journal editor)

Pavel Hubený

Eva Zeleníková

Michal Valenta

Jan Podlešák (language correction)

FRONT COVER PHOTO:

Marek Drha

– New Life

BACK COVER PHOTO:

Michal Valenta

– On the Bear Mountain (Medvědí hora)

GRAPHICAL DESIGN:

MONELLO design atelier

PRINTED BY:

DragonPress Klatovy

DISTRIBUTION:

Transpress Praha, Mediaprint Kapa,

Mapcentrum České Budějovice and other

small distributors. The delivery of postage

enabled by Česká pošta, s.p.,

by the administration of the branch

office Jižní Čechy in České Budějovice,

j.zn. – P2986/96 from June 6th 1996

František Krejčí

Director of the Administration

of the Šumava National Park and Reserve

SUBSCRIPTION:

Administered by the publisher, journal issued

quarterly, price of issue: 43 CZK, annual

subscription: 140 CZK

Issue close: 2010-10-15

Issue date: 2010-10-30

Registration number: MK ČR E 7518

Unclaimed manuscripts

and photographs are not returned.

DivoŠ

will guide you through

the wild nature of Šumava,

left to the nature itself.

Photo P. Hubený

Special Issue / Contents

03 I 2010

04 – 05

Word of Introduction

06 – 07

Šumava / Unique

08 – 11

Šumava / Cultivated and Wild

12 – 15

Šumava / Rough and Tender

16 – 17

Šumava / Home to Bark Beetle

18 – 19

Šumava / Stressed and Stable

20 – 23

Šumava / Aborning Once Again

24 – 27

Šumava / Managed or Unmanaged

28 –29

Decalogue of Šumava

Spruce Forests

30 – 31

A view from elsewhere /

Living Šumava

32 – 33

A view from elsewhere /

Inspiring Šumava

The Story of Šumava

Spruce Forests

Word of Introduction

Various problems of Šumava have

rather intensified than calmed down

in the past few months. This has

been undoubtedly contributed to by

the tense political atmosphere before

the Chamber of Deputies elections

and, soon after a short holiday break,

the elections into the municipal coun-

cils and the Senate. The often ex-

treme political attitudes have

certainly not contributed to under-

standing and pragmatically naming

the issues or even solving the impor-

tant problems in Šumava. Let us

hope for the next time period that

the situation may calm down and

there will finally be time to address

various topics pragmatically, without

emotion or political subtext.

This issue of the quarterly Šumava at-

tempts to contribute to relevant discus-

sion. It offers insightful views of the

Šumava forests which have been deve-

loping over the course of the last eight

thousand years. Foresters have been

managing these forests for merely the

last 300 years and just decades have

passed since the last large beasts of prey

were definitely exterminated at this last

place in Bohemia. With the exception of

the relatively constrained montane

forests, the Šumava forests are predomi-

nantly composed of managed spruce

forests. During the last few decades, the

canopy in our country has been weak-

ened by the climate change and air po-

llution. In spite of the gradually improving

air quality, the condition of our forests is

one of the worst in Europe. The discus-

sion about Šumava in the last few years

has been mainly dominated by the pro-

blematic issue of the bark beetle

outbreaks. The following texts are at-

tempting to address all these important

questions and issues.

However, there are not only forests in

Šumava. There are also villages and

towns inhabited by people, there are

areas without forest – meadows, pas-

tures, agricultural land, lakes or peat

bogs. The whole of Šumava has a dis-

tinctive and specific landscape character.

For centuries, the people of Šumava have

farmed the land and they still do today.

There are different types of land care,

which may, in some cases, be called land

management. All these and many other

topics are important, and many problems

will need to be solved in near future. The

following texts do not aim to solve pro-

blems but try to contribute to the overall

picture by insightful perspective of the

forests in Šumava. I believe this contribu-

tion will significantly facilitate further re-

levant discussion, which is indispensable

for the solution of any problem.

Bedřich Moldan

Photo P. Čížková

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